The expression
�
∧
(
�
⇒
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)
⇒
�
p∧(p⇒q)⇒q is an implication (→) statement that consists of logical operators. To understand and simplify it, let's break it down step by step:
�
⇒
�
p⇒q is the conditional statement "If p, then q." It is true unless p is true and q is false.
�
∧
(
�
⇒
�
)
p∧(p⇒q) means "p is true, and the conditional statement 'If p, then q' is true."
Finally,
⇒
�
⇒q is another conditional statement "If the previous condition is true, then q."
So, the overall expression can be understood as follows: "If p is true and 'If p, then q' is true, then q is true."
This is essentially a tautology in classical logic, meaning it is always true regardless of the values of p and q. In other words, the expression is logically valid, and the result is always q being true, regardless of whether p is true or false.